8 - Drawing a Model繪制模型

After you insert a design into the current project, you can draw a model of the electromagnetic structure. The general strategy is to build the model as a collection of 3D objects. You can assign any single material to each 3D object.

將設計插入當前項目之后，就可以繪制電磁結構的模型了。一般的策略是將模型建成三維對象的集合。你可以為每個3d 對象分配一種材料。

You can create 3D objects by using the modeler’s Draw commands or you can draw 1D and 2D objects, and then manipulate them to create 3D objects. Objects are drawn in the 3D Modeler window. You can also import objects from other systems.

可以使用Modeler中的 Draw 命令來創建3d 對象，也可以通過繪制1d 和2d 對象進而創建3d 對象。對象在3D Modeler 窗口中繪制。你也可以從其他系統導入幾何對象。

To open a new 3D Modeler window, do one of the following:

要打開一個新的3d Modeler 窗口，請執行以下操作之一:

l Insert a new design into the current project.

在當前項目中插入一個新的設計。

l Double-click a design in the project tree.

雙擊項目樹中的設計。

If a 3D Modeler window is not open, do one of the following:

如果3D Modeler 窗口沒有打開，請執行以下操作之一:

l On the Maxwell menu, click 3D Model Editor.

在 Maxwell 菜單上，單擊3D Model Editor。

l Right-click the design name in the project tree, and then click 3D Model Editor on the shortcut menu.

右鍵單擊項目樹中的設計名稱，然后在快捷菜單中單擊3D Model Editor。

The model you draw is saved with the current project when you click File>Save.

當您單擊 File > Save 時，您繪制的模型將與當前項目一起保存。

Note If you access your machine via Remote Desktop, if Maxwell is running and one or more modeler windows are open, those modeler windows automatically close. The message manager window displays a message indicating that Maxwell closed the modeler windows.

注意: 如果你通過遠程桌面訪問你的機器，如果 Maxwell 正在運行并且打開了一個或多個建模窗口，此時這些建模窗口將自動關閉。消息管理器窗口將顯示一條消息，提示你Maxwell 關閉了建模窗口。

When working with multiple projects, or when a project has multiple designs, you may have multiple Modeler windows available. To switch to the modeler window associated with a specific design:

當處理多個項目時，或者當一個項目有多個設計時，您可能有多個 Modeler 窗口可用。使用以下操作用來切換到與特定設計相關的 modeler 窗口:

1. In the Project Manager window, select the Design of interest.

在 Project Manager 窗口中，選擇感興趣的 Design。

2. Click Maxwell3D Model Editor to focus the modeling window on the selected design.

單擊 Maxwell3D Model Editor 將建模窗口集中在所選設計上。

Note If the menu command is unavailable, then the selected design is already in the modeler window.

注意: 如果菜單命令不可用，那么選擇的設計已經在建模窗口中。

Drawing Objects繪制對象

You can draw one-, two-, or three-dimensional objects using the Draw commands. You can alter objects individually or together to create the geometry of your structure. In the Tools>Modeler Options, Drawing tab, you can set a default to either draw objects directly with the mouse or by invoking a Properties dialog in which you can enter the values for the object dimensions. The Dialog mode drawing feature works with the equation based line, and all two and three dimensional objects. You can toggle to Point mode via the F3 function key and to Dialog mode via the F4 function key. When you use the Dialog mode for drawing objects the Edit property of new primitives setting is ignored.

可以使用 Draw 命令繪制一維、二維或三維對象，可以單獨或者一起改變對象來創建幾何結構。

在 Tools > Modeler Options，Drawing 選項卡中可以設置默認操作（找不到這個操作），來設置是使用鼠標直接繪制對象，還是通過調用 Properties 對話框來輸入對象尺寸數值。

Dialog 模式繪圖功能可以繪制基于方程的直線、所有的二維和三維對象。

你可以通過 F3功能鍵切換到 Point 模式，通過 F4功能鍵切換到 Dialog 模式。

當你使用 Dialog 模式繪制對象時，會忽略Edit property of new primitives設置的屬性。

One-dimensional (1D) objects in the modeler include straight line , arc line , center-point arc , and spline segments, or a combination of these - called polylines . One-dimensional objects are open objects; their boundaries do not enclose a region, unless you connect their endpoints. They have length, but no surface or volume. Generally they are used as temporary objects from which to create 2D objects.

Modeler中的一維(1D)對象包括直線、弧線、中心點弧線和樣條段，或以上線條的組合-稱之為多段線。一維對象是開放對象; 它們的邊界無法包圍一個閉合區域（除非把他們的端部進行連接）。1D對象有長度，但沒有表面或體。一般來說，1D對象被用作臨時對象，以便從中創建2d 對象。

Two-dimensional (2D) objects in the modeler include objects such as equation based surfaces , rectangles , ellipses , circles , and regular polygons . Two-dimensional objects are closed sheet objects; their boundaries enclose a region. You can create 2D sheet objects by covering the enclosed region. In many applications (FSS, antennas) it is essential to calculate net power flow through a surface.

Modeler中的二維對象包括基于方程的曲面、矩形、橢圓、圓和正多邊形。二維物體是封閉的片狀物體，它們的邊界包圍著一個區域。你可以通過覆蓋封閉區域來創建二維圖形對象。在許多應用中(FSS，天線) ，計算通過表面的凈功率流是必不可少的。

ou can also edit the properties of a polyline from the history tree to assign it a Cross Section property as line or rectangular. If you then assign it either a height or a width, the polyline becomes a sheet object.

通過編輯歷史樹中多段線的屬性，可以把它的將 Cros Section 屬性分配為直線或矩形。如果分配一個高度或寬度，多段線就會變成一個面體。

譯者注解：

By default, the history tree organizes sheet objects according to their boundary assignments. To change this, select the Sheets icon, and right-click to display the Group Sheets by Assignment check box. Within the calculator sheet objects are listed under surface.

默認情況下，歷史樹會根據施加的邊界類型來整理sheet對象。想修改整理方式的話，可以 Sheets 圖標上右擊顯示 Group Sheets by Assignment 復選框。在場計算器工作表中，sheet對象被列surface下面（不是很理解）。

譯者注：調整整理方式的操作路徑為：Sheets上右鍵-History Tree Layout，然后可以看到有多重整理方式，可以按照需要選擇。

Three-dimensional (3D) objects in the modeler include objects such as boxes , cylinders , regular polyhedra , cones , spheres , torii , and helices . These objects have boundaries that enclose a region with volume.

三維(3D)對象包括立方體、圓柱體、規則多面體、錐體、球體、圓環和螺旋等對象。這些對象具有邊界，用體積包圍著一個區域。

You can create 3D objects by manipulating 2D objects along a plane or by using the appropriate Draw commands. You can also edit the properties of a polyline from the history tree to assign it a Cross Section property as circle rectangular. If you then assign it an appropriate diameter or both height or a width, the polyline becomes a 3D object.

你可以通過在平面上操作2d 對象或者使用合適的 Draw 命令來創建3d 對象。你也可以從歷史樹中編輯一條多段線的屬性，將它分配一個橫截面屬性作為圓形或矩形。如果你給它一個合適的直徑或者高度和寬度，多段線就會變成一個3d 物體。

By default, the history tree organizes 3D objects by material. To change this, select the Objects icon, and right click to display the History Tree Layout Commands. You can also use Group Commands for Modeler Objects .

默認情況下，歷史樹按照材料類型整理3d 對象。要改變這一點，選擇 Objects 圖標，然后右擊顯示 History Tree Layout Commands。你也可以使用 Group Commands for Modeler Objects。

While you draw objects you can also:

當你繪制物體的時候，你也可以:

l Select Movement Mode as 3D, In Plane, Out of Plane, Along X, Y or Z axis.

選擇運動模式為3d，平面，平面外，沿 x，y 或 z 軸。

l Select Grid Plane as XY, YZ, or XZ.

選擇網格平面為 XY，YZ，或 XZ。

l Set Snap Mode

設置 Snap 模式

l Set Reference Point for the movement mode

為運動模式設置參考點

l Adjust the View

調整視角

After you draw an object in the 3D Modeler window, you can modify the object’s properties, such as its position, dimensions, or color, in the Properties dialog box. Most object properties can be assigned to variables that can then be manipulated during the solve to test their effect on the solution.

在3D modeler 窗口中繪制對象后，可以在“屬性”對話框中修改對象的屬性，例如它的位置、尺寸或顏色。大多數對象屬性可以分配給變量，這些變量可以在求解過程中進行修改，以測試它們對解決方案的影響。

NoteIf you access your machine via Remote Desktop, if Maxwell is running and one or more

modeler windows are open, those modeler windows automatically close. The message manager window displays a message indicating that Maxwell closed the modeler windows.

注意: 如果您通過遠程桌面訪問您的計算機，如果 Maxwell 正在運行，一個或多個Modeler 窗口打開時，這些 modeler 窗口會自動關閉。消息管理器窗口會顯示一條消息，指示 Maxwell 關閉了建模窗口。

Drawing a Straight Line Segment繪制直線段

To create an object with one or more straight line segments, use the Draw>Line command.

若要創建具有一個或多個直線段的對象，請使用 Draw > Line 命令。

1. Click Draw>Line .

點擊 Draw > Line。

2. Select the first point of the line in one of the following ways:

以下列其中一種方式選擇線的第一個點:

l Click the point.

點擊這個點。

l Edit the point’s coordinates in the X, Y, and Z boxes in the status bar.

在狀態欄的 x、 y 和 z 框中編輯點的坐標。

To delete the last point that was entered, click Undo Previous Segment on the shortcut menu. After using the undo feature, you can also use Redo Previous Segment on the shortcut menu.

要刪除輸入的最后一個點，請單擊快捷菜單上的“Undo Previous Segment”。使用撤銷功能后，你也可以在快捷菜單上使用Redo Previous Segment。

3. Select the endpoint of the line by clicking the point or typing the coordinates in the text boxes in the status bar.

通過點擊點或者在狀態欄的文本框中鍵入坐標來選擇線的終點。

The endpoint serves as the start point for a subsequent line segment.

上一條線段的的終點將會作為后續線段的起點。

To delete all points and start over, press ESC or click Escape Draw Mode on the shortcut menu.

若要刪除所有點并重新開始，請按 ESC 或單擊快捷菜單上的 Escape Draw Mode。

4. Complete the line in one of the following ways:

用下列方法之一完成繪制直線:

Double-click the endpoint.

雙擊終點。

Click Done on the shortcut menu.

在快捷菜單上單擊“Done”。

Press Enter.

按回車。

If the Modeler option for editing properties of new primitives is checked, the Properties dialog box appears, in which you can modify the object’s attributes. Those listed under the Command tab describe the commands used to create the object. These commands also appear in the History tree. The Properties listed as line attributes include Name, Orientation, whether a Model object , whether to Display Wireframe, Color, Transparency, and whether to Show Direction as arrows. The Show Direction property is most helpful to unambiguously show the line start orientation when plotting fields along a line.

如果Modeler option for editing properties of new primitives是選中狀態，繪制完直線后將直接出現“屬性”對話框，您可以在該對話框中修改對象的屬性。在 Command 選項卡下列出的命令描述了用于創建對象的命令。這些命令也出現在歷史樹中。線段的屬性包括 Name（名稱）、 Orientation（坐標系）、是否是 Model 對象、是否顯示 Wireframe（線框）、 Color（顏色）、 Transparency（透明度） 以及是否將 Direction 顯示為箭頭。Show Direction 屬性有助于在沿著一條線繪制場結果時來顯示線段的起始方向。

譯者配圖：

5. Click OK to close the Properties dialog.

單擊 OK 關閉 Properties 對話框。

NoteWhile drawing a polyline, you can switch between straight line, arc line, or spline segments using the Set Edge Type commands on the shortcut menu.

注意: 在繪制折線時，可以使用快捷菜單上的 Set Edge Type 命令在直線、弧線或樣條線之間切換。