Ubiquitous節理巖體模擬(Ubiquitous Joint Rock Mass Modelling)
1 引言
Ubiquitous節理巖體模擬最初在FLAC中引入,Sainsbury等人(2008)在SRM中使用了UJRM,從而在FLAC3D模型中考慮了巖體強度和各向異性, 能夠研究完整巖石內聚力的逐漸減弱和Ubiquitous節理破壞, [Sainsbury, B. et al. (2008) Analysis of cave behaviour using a Synthetic Rock Mass (SRM) – Ubiquitous Joint Rock Mass (UJRM) modelling technique.],他們的方法與Pierce等人(2007)和Mas Ivars等人(2008)的方法不同,沒有使用PFC3D,而是用FLAC3D評估來自較小模型模擬的巖體屬性。Lavoie(2011) 提出了一個UJRM的解析解[Thierry Lavoie (2011) An Analytical Geomechanical Upscaling Approach for Modeling Jointed Rock Mass Behaviour Using Ubiquitous Joints. UBC MS. Thesis. 186p.]。這個筆記簡要討論了ADONIS的Ubiquitous本構模型,并與FLAC/Slope中的Ubiquitous模型作了比較。
2 ADONIS模擬
一個簡單的Ubiquitous節理巖體邊坡如下圖所示。
(1) 項目設置
在項目設置中,主要設置合適的單位和重力加速度。
(2) 網格劃分
邊坡的幾何形狀可以在ADONIS內直接輸入坐標,選擇6節點的三角形單元,最大邊長取0.75。
(3) 邊界條件
邊界使用xyfix命令固定三邊,邊坡面不能固定。
(4) 材料性質
輸入如下的材料參數。
(5) 計算結果
計算的安全系數FOS=1.217, 使用相同的參數,FLAC/Slope計算的安全系數FOS=1.24。下圖所示的最大剪應變等值線。
newmodel()set("unit","stress-pa")line("startPoint",0,0,"endPoint",52,0)line("startPoint",52,0,"endPoint",52,20)line("startPoint",52,20,"endPoint",32,20)line("startPoint",32,20,"endPoint",20,10)line("startPoint",20,10,"endPoint",0,10)line("startPoint",0,10,"endPoint",0,0)triangle("elemtype","T6")discretize("maxedge",0.75)triangle("maxedge",0.75)set("gravity",0,9.8)material("create","Ubiquitous-Joint","matid",1,"matname","Jointed Rock","density",2600,"shear",3e+07,"bulk",1e+08,"coh",100000,"fric",40,"jangle",30,"jcoh",5000,"jfric",25)material("assign","matid",1)applybc("xyfix","xlim",-0.1,0.1,"ylim",-0.1,10.1)applybc("xyfix","xlim",51.9,52.1,"ylim",-0.1,20.1)applybc("xyfix","xlim",-0.1,52.1,"ylim",-0.1,0.1)solve("fos")
3 FLAC模擬
FLAC/Slope不需要輸入材料的體積模量和剪切模量。默認值分別為100MPa和30MPa
Ubiquitous模型擴展到FLAC3D和3DEC中,
zone cmodel assign ubiquitous-joint (FLAC3D)
block zone cmodel assign ubiquitous (3DEC)
在IMASS中,可以使用Ubiquitous Joint(UJ)來表示軟弱夾層。這體現在如下三個模型中:
Ubiquitous-Joint Model
Bilinear Strain-Hardening Ubiquitous-Joint Model
Bilinear Strain-Softening Ubiquitous-Joint Model
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