CFX學習案例:煙囪排入大氣流場計算
本案例將學習以下內容:
LIBRARY: &replace ADDITIONAL VARIABLE: smoke Option = Definition Tensor Type = SCALAR Units = [kg m^-3] Variable Type = Volumetric END END
首先對穩態數值計算進行設置,計算域的設置包含附加變量的相關設置:
標簽 |
設置 |
值 |
Basic Settings |
Location and Type> Location |
?B1.P3 |
Fluid and Particle Definitions |
Fluid 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 [atm] |
|
|
Heat Transfer > Option |
None |
| Additional Variable Models > Additional Variable | smoke | |
| Additional Variable Models > Additional Variable > smoke | (Selected) | |
| Additional Variable Models? ?> Additional Variable >smoke > Kinematic Diffusivity | (Selected) | |
| Additional Variable Models> Additional Variable > smoke > Kinematic Diffusivity > Kinematic Diffusivity | 1.0E-5[m^2 s^-1](代表煙霧在空氣中運動擴散速率) |
空氣進口邊界條件的創建及設置:Insert > Boundary >Set Name to Wind
標簽 |
設置 |
值 |
|
|
Boundary Type |
Inlet |
Location |
Wind? | |
|
|
Mass and Momentum > Option |
Cart. Vel. Components |
Mass and Momentum > U |
1 [m s^-1] |
|
Mass and Momentum > V |
|
|
Mass and Momentum > W |
0 [m s^-1] |
|
| Turbulence > Option | Intensity and Length Scale | |
| Turbulence > Fractional Intensity | 0.05 | |
| Turbulence > Eddy Length Scale | 0.25 [m] | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Option | Value | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Add. Var. Value | 0 [kg m^-3] |
大氣開放邊界條件的創建及設置:Insert > Boundary >Set Name to Atmosphere。
標簽 |
設置 |
值 |
|
|
Boundary Type |
Opening |
Location |
Atmosphere? | |
|
|
Mass and Momentum > Option |
Opening Pres. and Dirn |
| Mass and Momentum > Relative Pressure | 0 [Pa] |
|
Flow Direction > Option |
|
|
| Turbulence > Fractional Intensity | 0.05 | |
| Turbulence > Eddy Length Scale | 0.25 [m] | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Option | Value | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Add. Var. Value | 0 [kg m^-3] |
煙霧進口邊界條件的創建及設置:Insert > Boundary >Set Name to Vent。
標簽 |
設置 |
值 |
|
|
Boundary Type |
Inlet |
Location |
Vent? | |
|
|
Mass And Momentum > Normal Speed |
0.01 [m s^-1] |
| Turbulence > Option | Turbulence > Option | Intensity and Eddy Viscosity Ratio |
| Turbulence > Fractional Intensity | 0.05 | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Option | Value | |
| Additional Variables > smoke > Add. Var. Value | 0 [kg m^-3] |
初始值按照默認給定即可。
求解控制的設置:
標簽 |
設置 |
值 |
|
|
Advection Scheme > Option |
High Resolution |
Convergence Control > Max. Iterations |
75 |
|
Convergence Control > Fluid Timescale Control >Timescale Control |
Auto Timescale |
|
Convergence Control > Fluid Timescale Control > Timescale Factor |
1.0 |
|
?Convergence Criteria > Residual Type |
|
|
Convergence Criteria > Residual Target |
通過上述步驟完成了穩態的計算設置,接下來將穩態計算的設置復制一個,進行修改完成對瞬態計算的設置。
瞬態計算總時間為30 s,時間步長設置為4*0.25, 2*0.5, 2*1, 13*2 s,這樣設置是給定了變化的時間步長,即第一秒的時間步長為0.25 s,第二秒的時間步長為0.5 s,以此類推。為方便更改,先創建表達式ExpFunction對煙霧進口(Vent)煙霧的流量進行定義。
LIBRARY: CEL: &replace EXPRESSIONS: ExpFunction = FinalConcentration*abs(1-exp(-t/TimeConstant)) FinalConcentration = 1 [kg m^-3] TimeConstant = 3 [s] END END END
在煙霧進口(Vent)邊界條件中,將流速更改為0.2 [m s^-1],并將添加的附加變量smoke進行更改,Additional Variables > smoke > Add. Var. Value > ExpFunction。
在求解設置中,將最大迭代次數設置為3,即Convergence Control > Max. Coeff. Loops to 3。
在輸出控制中,在瞬態結果中設置兩個瞬態結果輸出,在輸出變量中給定Pressure,Velocity,smoke,第一個瞬態結果輸出(Transient Results 1)中給定時間列表(Time List)為1, 2, 3 s,第二個瞬態結果輸出(Transient Results 2)中給定時間間隔(Time Interva)為4 s。
基于以上設置完成了對穩態與瞬態計算的設置,接下來對計算的配置(Configuration )進行設置。分別創建兩個計算配置,即Simulation Control > Configurations and select Insert > Configuration > Set Name to Steady State/Transient。在Steady State中,穩態布局對應穩態計算的設置部分,即Flow Analysis選擇Steady State Analysis,Activation Conditions > Activation Condition 1 > Option選擇Start of Simulation;在Transient中,瞬態布局對應瞬態計算的設置部分,并設置接著穩態計算結束后計算,即Flow Analysis選擇Transient Analysis,Activation Conditions > Activation Condition 1 > Option選擇End of Simulation,Activation Conditions > Activation Condition 1 > Configuration Name選擇Steady State,并在Initial Values中選擇穩態計算的結果作為初始值。設置完成后輸出計算文件(CircVent.mdef)并開始計算即可。
計算結果:
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